International health expert Alanna Shaikh explained in a TED talk about the future of COVID-19 infection.
She has 20 years of experience in international health work. His specialty is the field of medical and medical systems, which specializes in what can be done when it is seriously hit by a global pandemic. Shaikh has also engaged in international health coverage and has written articles on international health and safety measures against bioterrorism. In addition, he cited the Ebola treatment center evaluation, tuberculosis infection analysis in medical facilities, and bird flu countermeasures as a response to the role he has supported and has been leading.
She has a master’s degree in international health, but she is not a doctor or a nurse, and her specialty is not to manage patients and individuals individually, but to investigate the relationship between the public, medicine, and the medical system to see what happens when a large-scale disease occurs. He emphasized that his story was based on the premise of an eye on the field of international health. He also said that if the medical information is evaluated in 10 levels from the perspective of international health expertise, if someone posts on Facebook is 1, the World Health Organization information is 10 and his presentation is between 7 and 8.
First of all, it is basic information that feels like it was lost due to low-quality media information about COVID-19 infection. They say they use RNA. SARS-CoV-2 has a viral surface covered with spines and uses these bumps to invade human cells. This protrusion is called a coronavirus because it has a crown-like shape.
In addition, as to why SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus, he said that until December 2019, only six types of coronavirus were known, and SARS-CoV-2 was the seventh. SARS-CoV-2 is a new species with a new genomic structure and a new name. Infections caused by coronavirus other than Corona 19 include SARS and MERS. All of them are respiratory syndromes, and the coronavirus is characterized by attacking the lungs. No vomiting, eye bleeding, or other forms of bleeding occur. Instead, it suffers serious damage to the lungs. It is the same as Corona 19 and causes various symptoms, and a dry cough or fever without phlegm begins, and causes fatal viral pneumonia, making it difficult to cope with the symptoms.
People all over the world are infected with Corona 19, but there are many people who do not visit medical institutions due to mild symptoms. Children are rarely affected by COVID-19. However, coronavirus is an animal-derived infection that is transmitted from animal to human. In addition, some coronavirus outbreak infections such as Corona 19 are transmitted from person to person. Viruses that are transmitted from humans to humans move quickly and have a wide range of movements.
It is also very difficult to combat animal-derived infections. The reason is simple. This is because there is a source of viruses called animals. Bird flu, for example, is effective in preventing the spread by killing livestock such as turkeys and ducks, but it is still infected by wild birds, which are prevalent every year. On the other hand, the reason we do not report on a large scale is because we are not infected from person to person. Therefore, although it is not widely known, the spread of bird flu occurs every year in the livestock industry around the world. In the case of Corona 19, transmission from animals to humans in the wild animal market in Wuhan, China, is regarded as the path of occurrence. This is the basic information about Corona 19.
Corona 19 will not be the last major outbreak on Earth. It is sure to repeat in the future. Shaikh emphasized that it will happen, not that it may happen, and that the spread will surely happen in the future.
The reason for the spread, she says, is the result of the way humans and Earth interact. He says that human choice is driving us humans into a situation where the spread is repeated in the future, and the cause is climate change. In other words, climate warming is one of the reasons why the planet is transformed into an environment where viruses and germs can live, and the spread continues.
Shaikh also cultivated the Amazon rainforest to acquire land inexpensively to create farms, when African rainforests were converted into farms, when Chinese wild animals were hunted until extinction, and humanity has never been in contact They say they can come into contact with groups of wild animals that weren’t there. There are cases of new diseases in these wild animal populations. It is pointed out that something humans do not have a countermeasure, such as bacteria and viruses, will be exposed to new bacteria or viruses as the development by humans progresses. Among them, a particularly dangerous animal is the bat. This is because bats have many diseases that can infect humans.
She also points out that measures such as quarantine and travel restrictions cannot prevent the outbreak. Intuitively, many people may think that stopping people from moving can prevent an outbreak. However, in reality, it is very difficult to have an effective quarantine structure, and it is very difficult to set travel restrictions. Even the United States and Korea, which have been focusing on improving public health, say that even if travel restrictions are imposed due to the spread of the virus, they cannot take action quickly enough to stop the outbreak.
Also, speaking of Corona 19, the period of no symptoms at all from infection is up to 24 days. Therefore, many people are infected with the virus, but since there are no symptoms, they often go on the roam outside without knowing that they are infected. In addition, quarantine and travel restrictions create economic losses. In addition, since humans are social animals, they also have the characteristics of resisting restraint or seclusion.
When the quarantine policy was decided at the time of the Ebola pandemic, many began to avoid quarantine. Patients may avoid medical institutions if strict quarantine procedures are in place. There are many reasons for avoiding quarantine, such as people who are resistant to the medical system, people who do not have money for treatment, and people who do not want to be isolated from family and friends.
In addition, politicians and government officials know that quarantine will occur when an outbreak or case is announced, so they may try to conceal information on the actual situation for fear of triggering quarantine measures. Of course, this kind of avoidance behavior or denial is a factor that makes it difficult to track outbreaks. But, he says, quarantine and travel restrictions can be improved and that’s something to do. There is no single solution, he says, and it’s the best way to deal with this situation.
As a long-term countermeasure to prevent further outbreaks, what she calls for is to establish an international medical system and provide support to equip basic medical structures in all countries around the world, so even poor countries can quickly identify and take action when new infections appear in countries around the world. To be. China has been criticized for how to deal with Corona 19, but what if Corona 19 had occurred in Chad, Africa? Chad has 3.5 doctors per 100,000 people. What if it happened in the Republic of Conco? Conco has also almost finished treating his last Ebola patient. The reality is that these countries don’t have the resources to cope with the infection, they can’t treat patients, and they can’t make quick reports that will benefit the world.
She said that while evaluating the Sierra Leone Ebola Treatment Center, local doctors quickly recognized the crisis against Ebola, but the doctors on the scene specified it was the Ebola virus because it was a dangerous infectious hemorrhagic virus. However, there were no resources to deal with this, and the number of doctors and beds was insufficient, and everything such as treatment information and methods of implementing infection prevention measures was insufficient. In the case of Sierra Leone, where Ebola was prevalent, 11 doctors were killed. At the start of the Ebola crisis, there were only 120 doctors here. For comparison, only Baylor Medical Center in Dallas, USA, has more than 1,000 doctors and staff. This inequality resulted in deaths.
First, in the early days of the outbreak, the poor die. When it spreads, deaths occur worldwide. If you really want to alleviate the outbreak and minimize the damage, she says, every country in the world should work to ensure that the new disease is specifically treated and has reporting capabilities to share information. He argues that it is important to review the health care of poor countries to prepare for future problems.
Corona 19 is putting a huge load on medical science research institutions. Also, thanks to Corona 19, a serious weakness in the international medical supply chain was revealed. The existing ordering system to minimize inventory is good when the world is calm, but it means there is no savings in crisis situations. If a hospital or state loses its inventory of masks and personal protective equipment, it is impossible to replenish it in a large warehouse with a lot of stock. You have to wait for the replenishment order to be produced and shipped from the supplier. This delay occurs when quick response is important.
Shaikh said that if it had been prepared to intercept Corona 19, China would have recognized the outbreak earlier and prepared to respond to the infected without a new hospital. He says the rumors would never have spread. In addition, it would have been possible to start recording the Chinese medical information system and preparing for the virus outbreak. Accordingly, state-run medical institutions would have been able to stockpile large amounts of protective equipment as needed, and conduct measures and infection prevention training for medical workers. For example, it would have been possible to respond to an infected person from a cruise ship. In addition, it would not have caused the shameful situation of correcting this and delivering information to the world and hating foreigners as a case.
But even with all these preparations, the spread will occur. How to live on Earth, it is an inevitable problem as a result of our daily choices. The consensus of experts on Corona 19 is that the situation will worsen before it improves, both in the United States and around the world. Cases of the spread of infection from people without travel history are occurring in local communities, and in other cases, the route of infection of the infected person with Corona 19 is unknown.
Finally, she recommends washing your hands anyway. To increase the frequency of washing your hands. Washing your hands every time you enter and exit the building, and wash your hands before or after entering the conference room. Tell them to disinfect their cell phones as well. I often touch my phone with my dirty hands that I don’t wash and I take it to the bathroom. It is recommended to disinfect cell phones and refrain from using them in public places. Do you want to use TikTok and Instagram only at home? They also tell you not to touch your face, rub your eyes, bite your fingernails, or rub your nose with the back of your hand.
When suspected of corona 19 symptoms, it is important not to leave the house, consult the doctor in charge over the phone, and remember that it is usually mild if diagnosed as positive for Corona 19. He also said that if he was worried about Corona 19, it would be the best way to protect himself from the worst effects of Corona 19.
In addition, the right choice is to focus on improving medical care and improving the medical infrastructure at all locations in the region, focusing on the investigation of disease conditions so that new diseases will be immediately noticed, and reviewing the strengthening of the supply chain to improve the global medical system. They say you need to be prepared for demand and improve the quality of your education so you can talk about disease risk numerically so you don’t panic. Related information can be found here .