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In the preliminary analysis of the phase 3 clinical trial, the Corona 19 vaccine mRNA-1273, which is being developed by American biotechnology company Moderna, has achieved 94.5% prevention effect.
According to the official announcement by Modena, mRNA-1273 achieved 94.5% preventive effect in a phase 3 test held under the supervision of the Safety Monitoring Committee appointed by the National Knee Health Center. In phase 3, more than 30,000 subjects were divided into two groups, and mRNA-1273 was administered to one side and placebo was administered to the other to evaluate the effectiveness of mRNA-1273.
In the test held two weeks after the second vaccine administration, 95 subjects had Corona 19. Of these, 90 were in the placebo group and 5 of them were in the mRNA-1273 group, so the estimated vaccine effectiveness was 94.5%.
In addition, it was confirmed that mRNA-1273 has the effect of reducing the severity as well as preventing infection. Among those infected with COVID-19, 11 were diagnosed as severe in the placebo group, but 0 in the mRNA-1273 vaccinated group.
In addition to these findings, Moderna announced that mRNA-1273 can be stored for a long period of time at a standard temperature of 2-8 degrees Celsius for 30 days in a refrigerator and a standard minus 20 degrees Celsius in a freezer for 6 months. Through this, mRNA-1273 appears promising, and is expected as a vaccine that will defeat Corona 19 along with Pfizer’s BNT162b2, which achieved more than 90% prevention effect in phase 3 trials.
Meanwhile, several caveats are also pointed out in this announcement. The first consideration is that this clinical trial has not been completed and the reviewed papers have not been published. This announcement is like breaking news. The second point to note is that the exact race and age of the subjects are not disclosed. In the presentation, the subjects infected with COVID-19 were 15 seniors 65 years or older, 12 Hispanic Latino, 4 African Americans, 3 Asian Americans, and 1 mixed race. It has been reported that 5,000 people have chronic diseases with a high risk of Corona 19. However, the exact distribution of race and age is not known. If race and age are significantly different from reality, it is possible that the 94.5% prevention effect will not be achieved.
The third thing to note is that there are side effects. As for severe side effects, 2.7% of pain at the injection site after the first administration, 9.7% of malaise after the second administration, 8.9% of muscle pain, 5.2% of joint pain, 4.5% of headache, 4.1% of pain, and 2% of redness at the injection site were confirmed. Modena said that most of the side effects identified for these side effects are of mild severity and that severe side effects will usually disappear soon.
Modena will clarify all of these issues and publish it as a paper. The production of mRNA-1273 is expected to ship 20 million units by the end of 2020, and 500 to 1 billion units by 2021. Related information can be found here .
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