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Intel has announced that it will work with Microsoft as part of the DARPA program aimed at developing hardware and software to improve the performance of fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) homomorphic encryption.
Usually, when data is encrypted, it is necessary to decrypt the data every time calculation and analysis are performed. When data is placed on an external server, it can be encrypted for safety, but when calculating, it is necessary to download and decrypt data from the client, which increases the load and also requires network bandwidth.
FHE is an encryption method that can be calculated while encrypting data. The client only needs to retrieve and decrypt the calculated encrypted data. This concept has existed since 20 years ago, and there are libraries and toolkits made by IBM or Microsoft. However, the reality is that FHE adoption has not been generalized across the industry due to performance issues.
According to DARPA, the reason why the use of FHE is limited is that a certain amount of noise that destroys the encrypted data is generated each time it is calculated, and the original plaintext cannot be restored if it reaches the place where the accumulated noise is.
In order to overcome this point, DARPA launched the DARPA drive (DARPADPRIVE) program to develop FHE accelerators, and this time Intel also participated.
Intel is planning to design a custom integrated circuit ASIC accelerator in the program. When realized, the FHE operation is said to be able to reduce the processing time by five orders of magnitude, which is significantly improved over conventional CPU-based systems. Related information can be found here.
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